| | 1 | |
| | 2 | |
| | 3 | |
| | 4 | == 升級 == |
| | 5 | * 由於換版本的話,資料夾內的conf設定檔也勢必被更改,因此目前作法為: 把conf 移至/opt/conf ,hadoop 0.16 與 hadoop 0.18用 ln 做捷徑代換。由於conf已不在hadoop_home內,因此記得匯入conf/hadoop-env.sh |
| | 6 | {{{ |
| | 7 | $ source /opt/conf/hadoop-env.sh |
| | 8 | }}} |
| | 9 | |
| | 10 | * 先看狀態 |
| | 11 | {{{ |
| | 12 | $ bin/hadoop dfsadmin -upgradeProgress status |
| | 13 | |
| | 14 | There are no upgrades in progress. |
| | 15 | }}} |
| | 16 | |
| | 17 | * 停止hdfs |
| | 18 | * 注意不可使用bin/stop-all.sh來停止 |
| | 19 | {{{ |
| | 20 | $ bin/stop-dfs.sh |
| | 21 | }}} |
| | 22 | |
| | 23 | * 部署新版本的Hadoop |
| | 24 | * 注意每個node的版本都要統一,否則會出現問題 |
| | 25 | |
| | 26 | |
| | 27 | * 啟動 |
| | 28 | {{{ |
| | 29 | $ bin/start-dfs.sh -upgrade |
| | 30 | }}} |
| | 31 | |
| | 32 | ps:之後有介紹到 bin/hadoop namenode -upgrade ,應該要查查看與 $ bin/start-dfs.sh -upgrade 有何不同 |
| | 33 | |
| | 34 | * namenode管理網頁會出現升級狀態 |
| | 35 | |
| | 36 | |
| | 37 | ----- |
| | 38 | |
| | 39 | == 退回 == |
| | 40 | |
| | 41 | * 停止集群 |
| | 42 | {{{ |
| | 43 | $ bin/stop-dfs.sh |
| | 44 | }}} |
| | 45 | * 部署老版本的Hadoop |
| | 46 | |
| | 47 | * 退回之前版本 |
| | 48 | {{{ |
| | 49 | $ bin/start-dfs.sh -rollback |
| | 50 | }}} |
| | 51 | ps:之後有介紹到 bin/hadoop namenode -rollback ,應該要查查看與 $ bin/start-dfs.sh -rollback 有何不同 |
| | 52 | |
| | 53 | |
| | 54 | ----- |
| | 55 | == fsck == |
| | 56 | * HDFS文件系統檢查工具 |
| | 57 | |
| | 58 | {{{ |
| | 59 | $ bin/hadoop fsck / |
| | 60 | |
| | 61 | . |
| | 62 | /user/waue/input/1.txt: Under replicated blk_-90085106852013388_1001. Target Replicas is 3 but found 2 replica(s). |
| | 63 | /user/waue/input/1.txt: Under replicated blk_-4027196261436469955_1001. Target Replicas is 3 but found 2 replica(s). |
| | 64 | . |
| | 65 | /user/waue/input/2.txt: Under replicated blk_-2300843106107816641_1002. Target Replicas is 3 but found 2 replica(s). |
| | 66 | . |
| | 67 | /user/waue/input/3.txt: Under replicated blk_-1561577350198661966_1003. Target Replicas is 3 but found 2 replica(s). |
| | 68 | . |
| | 69 | /user/waue/input/4.txt: Under replicated blk_1316726598778579026_1004. Target Replicas is 3 but found 2 replica(s). |
| | 70 | Status: HEALTHY |
| | 71 | Total size: 143451003 B |
| | 72 | Total dirs: 8 |
| | 73 | Total files: 4 |
| | 74 | Total blocks (validated): 5 (avg. block size 28690200 B) |
| | 75 | Minimally replicated blocks: 5 (100.0 %) |
| | 76 | Over-replicated blocks: 0 (0.0 %) |
| | 77 | Under-replicated blocks: 5 (100.0 %) |
| | 78 | Mis-replicated blocks: 0 (0.0 %) |
| | 79 | Default replication factor: 3 |
| | 80 | Average block replication: 2.0 |
| | 81 | Corrupt blocks: 0 |
| | 82 | Missing replicas: 5 (50.0 %) |
| | 83 | Number of data-nodes: 2 |
| | 84 | Number of racks: 1 |
| | 85 | The filesystem under path '/' is HEALTHY |
| | 86 | }}} |
| | 87 | |
| | 88 | * 加不同的參數有不同的用處,如 |
| | 89 | {{{ |
| | 90 | $ bin/hadoop fsck / -files |
| | 91 | |
| | 92 | /tmp <dir> |
| | 93 | /tmp/hadoop <dir> |
| | 94 | /tmp/hadoop/hadoop-waue <dir> |
| | 95 | /tmp/hadoop/hadoop-waue/mapred <dir> |
| | 96 | /tmp/hadoop/hadoop-waue/mapred/system <dir> |
| | 97 | /user <dir> |
| | 98 | /user/waue <dir> |
| | 99 | /user/waue/input <dir> |
| | 100 | /user/waue/input/1.txt 115045564 bytes, 2 block(s): Under replicated blk_-90085106852013388_1001. Target Replicas is 3 but found 2 replica(s). |
| | 101 | Under replicated blk_-4027196261436469955_1001. Target Replicas is 3 but found 2 replica(s). |
| | 102 | /user/waue/input/2.txt 987864 bytes, 1 block(s): Under replicated blk_-2300843106107816641_1002. Target Replicas is 3 but found 2 replica(s). |
| | 103 | /user/waue/input/3.txt 1573048 bytes, 1 block(s): Under replicated blk_-1561577350198661966_1003. Target Replicas is 3 but found 2 replica(s). |
| | 104 | /user/waue/input/4.txt 25844527 bytes, 1 block(s): Under replicated blk_1316726598778579026_1004. Target Replicas is 3 but found 2 replica(s). |
| | 105 | Status: HEALTHY |
| | 106 | ....(同上) |
| | 107 | }}} |
| | 108 | |
| | 109 | ----- |
| | 110 | |
| | 111 | == job == |
| | 112 | * 用以跟Map Reduce 的作業程序溝通 |
| | 113 | * 在測試此指令之前,請確認已經先執行過mapReduce的程序過 |
| | 114 | * 可到JobTracker:50030網頁來看程序的Jobid |
| | 115 | === -status === |
| | 116 | * 查看工作狀態 |
| | 117 | {{{ |
| | 118 | $ bin/hadoop job -status job_200904021140_0001 |
| | 119 | |
| | 120 | }}} |
| | 121 | === -kill === |
| | 122 | * 終止正在執行的程序,其id為 job_200904021140_0001 |
| | 123 | {{{ |
| | 124 | $ bin/hadoop job -kill job_200904021140_0001 |
| | 125 | }}} |
| | 126 | === -list === |
| | 127 | * 印出所有程序的狀態 |
| | 128 | {{{ |
| | 129 | $ bin/hadoop job -list all |
| | 130 | |
| | 131 | 5 jobs submitted |
| | 132 | States are: |
| | 133 | Running : 1 Succeded : 2 Failed : 3 Prep : 4 |
| | 134 | JobId State StartTime UserName |
| | 135 | job_200904021140_0001 2 1238652150499 waue |
| | 136 | job_200904021140_0002 3 1238657754096 waue |
| | 137 | job_200904021140_0004 3 1238657989495 waue |
| | 138 | job_200904021140_0005 2 1238658076347 waue |
| | 139 | job_200904021140_0006 2 1238658644666 waue |
| | 140 | }}} |
| | 141 | |
| | 142 | === -history === |
| | 143 | * 印出程序的歷史狀態 |
| | 144 | {{{ |
| | 145 | $ bin/hadoop job -history /user/waue/stream-output1 |
| | 146 | |
| | 147 | Hadoop job: job_200904021140_0005 |
| | 148 | ===================================== |
| | 149 | Job tracker host name: gm1.nchc.org.tw |
| | 150 | job tracker start time: Thu Apr 02 11:40:06 CST 2009 |
| | 151 | User: waue |
| | 152 | JobName: streamjob9019.jar |
| | 153 | JobConf: hdfs://gm1.nchc.org.tw:9000/tmp/hadoop/hadoop-waue/mapred/system/job_200904021140_0005/job.xml |
| | 154 | Submitted At: 2-四月-2009 15:41:16 |
| | 155 | Launched At: 2-四月-2009 15:41:16 (0sec) |
| | 156 | Finished At: 2-四月-2009 15:42:04 (48sec) |
| | 157 | Status: SUCCESS |
| | 158 | ===================================== |
| | 159 | ...略 |
| | 160 | }}} |
| | 161 | ----- |
| | 162 | |
| | 163 | == version == |
| | 164 | * 印出目前的hadoop 版本 |
| | 165 | {{{ |
| | 166 | bin/hadoop version |
| | 167 | |
| | 168 | Hadoop 0.18.3 |
| | 169 | Subversion https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/hadoop/core/branches/branch-0.18 -r 736250 |
| | 170 | Compiled by ndaley on Thu Jan 22 23:12:08 UTC 2009 |
| | 171 | }}} |
| | 172 | |
| | 173 | ----- |
| | 174 | = HDFS權限管理用戶 = |
| | 175 | |
| | 176 | * hdfs的權限有owner, group, other三種 |
| | 177 | * 而用戶的身份取決於client上的使用者 (用 whoami),群組為(bash -c groups) |
| | 178 | * 相關的操作: |
| | 179 | {{{ |
| | 180 | $ bin/hadoop dfs -mkdir own |
| | 181 | $ bin/hadoop dfs -chmod -R 755 own |
| | 182 | $ bin/hadoop dfs -chgrp -R waue own |
| | 183 | $ bin/hadoop dfs -chown -R waue own |
| | 184 | $ bin/hadoop dfs -lsr own |
| | 185 | }}} |
| | 186 | * conf/hadoop-site.xml 可用參數: |
| | 187 | {{{ |
| | 188 | #!php |
| | 189 | dfs.permissions = true |
| | 190 | dfs.web.ugi = webuser,webgroup |
| | 191 | dfs.permissions.supergroup = supergroup |
| | 192 | dfs.upgrade.permission = 777 |
| | 193 | dfs.umask = 022 |
| | 194 | }}} |
| | 195 | |
| | 196 | === -setQuota === |
| | 197 | * 目錄配額是對目錄樹上該目錄下的名字數量做硬性限制 |
| | 198 | * 設定配額,數字代表個數 (如:我上傳了一個2個block的檔案可以上傳,但我上傳兩個檔案很小的檔上去卻不行) |
| | 199 | * 配額為1可以強制目錄保持為空 |
| | 200 | * 重命名不會改變該目錄的配額 |
| | 201 | {{{ |
| | 202 | $ bin/hadoop dfs -mkdir quota |
| | 203 | $ bin/hadoop dfsadmin -setQuota 2 quota |
| | 204 | $ bin/hadoop dfs -put ../conf/hadoop-env.sh quota/ |
| | 205 | $ bin/hadoop dfs -put ../conf/hadoop-site.xml quota/ |
| | 206 | |
| | 207 | put: org.apache.hadoop.dfs.QuotaExceededException: The quota of /user/waue/quota is exceeded: quota=2 count=3 |
| | 208 | }}} |
| | 209 | |
| | 210 | * 檢查目錄的配額方法: "bin/hadoop fs -count -q <目錄> " |
| | 211 | |
| | 212 | {{{ |
| | 213 | $ bin/hadoop fs -count -q own |
| | 214 | none inf 1 0 0 hdfs://gm1.nchc.org.tw:9000/user/waue/own |
| | 215 | $ bin/hadoop dfsadmin -setQuota 4 own |
| | 216 | $ bin/hadoop fs -count -q own |
| | 217 | 4 3 1 0 0 hdfs://gm1.nchc.org.tw:9000/user/waue/own |
| | 218 | }}} |
| | 219 | |
| | 220 | === -clrQuota === |
| | 221 | * 清除之前設定的配額 |
| | 222 | {{{ |
| | 223 | $ bin/hadoop dfsadmin -clrQuota quota/ |
| | 224 | }}} |
| | 225 | |
| | 226 | ----- |
| | 227 | = Hadoop Streaming 函式庫用法 = |
| | 228 | * Hadoop streaming是Hadoop的一個工具, 它幫助用戶創建和運行一類特殊的map/reduce作業, 這些特殊的map/reduce作業是由一些可執行文件或腳本文件充當mapper或者reducer |
| | 229 | * 最簡單的透過shell執行stream的map reduce: |
| | 230 | {{{ |
| | 231 | $ bin/hadoop jar hadoop-0.18.3-streaming.jar -input input -output stream-output1 -mapper /bin/cat -reducer /usr/bin/wc |
| | 232 | }}} |
| | 233 | * 輸出的結果為: (代表 行、字數、字元數) |
| | 234 | {{{ |
| | 235 | #!sh |
| | 236 | 2910628 24507806 143451003 |
| | 237 | }}} |