| Command (⌘)-R | Start up from the built-in macOS Recovery system.
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| Option-Command-R or Shift-Option-Command-R | start up from macOS Recovery over the Internet.
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| Option (⌥) or Alt | Start up to Startup Manager, which allows you to choose other available startup disks or volumes.
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| Option-Command-P-R | Reset NVRAM or PRAM
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| Shift (⇧) | Start up in safe mode.
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| D | Start up to the Apple Diagnostics utility.
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| Option-D | start up to this utility over the Internet.
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| N | Start up from a NetBoot(PXE) server
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| Option-N | use the default boot image on the server.
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| Command-S | Start up in single-user mode.
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| T | Start up in target disk mode.
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| Command-V | Start up in verbose mode.
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