2008-09-25

• [課程] DRBL/Clonezilla 進階課程
  • [小問題] 顯示卡自動偵測到解析度是 1280x768 但是接到 4:3 的螢幕

    00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 82Q963/Q965 Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 02)
    

• Ubuntu 8.04 常見 DRBL 安裝問題
  • 
  • 修改 patch

    /opt/drbl/sbin/drblsrv

    @@ -3440 +3440 @@
         if [ $rc_get_kernel -gt 0 ]; then
           [ "$BOOTUP" = "color" ] && $SETCOLOR_FAILURE
           echo "$latest_drbl_kernel_in_rep can NOT be downloaded!!! Something went wrong!"
    -      echo "Maybe you should check /etc/sources.list or remove the unnecessary kernel block in /var/lib/dpkg/status so that "apt-cache pkgnames $kernel_img_name" can get the downloadable kernel! Then try to run this program again."
    +      echo "Maybe you should check /etc/apt/sources.list or remove the unnecessary kernel block in /var/lib/dpkg/status so that "apt-cache pkgnames $kernel_img_name" can get the downloadable kernel! Then try to run this program again."
           echo "Program terminated!!!"
           [ "$BOOTUP" = "color" ] && $SETCOLOR_NORMAL
           exit 1
    @@ -4014 +4014 @@
           if [ $RC -gt 0 ]; then
             [ "$BOOTUP" = "color" ] && $SETCOLOR_FAILURE
             echo "$latest_drbl_kernel_in_rep can NOT be downloaded!!! Something went wrong!"
    -        echo "Maybe you should check /etc/sources.list so that "apt-cache pkgnames $kernel_img_name" can get the downloadable kernel! Then try to run this program again."
    +        echo "Maybe you should check /etc/apt/sources.list so that "apt-cache pkgnames $kernel_img_name" can get the downloadable kernel! Then try to run this program again."
             echo "Program terminated!!!"
             [ "$BOOTUP" = "color" ] && $SETCOLOR_NORMAL
             exit 1

• [備忘] Ubuntu 沒有 root 預設密碼，雖然有 sudo ，但 sudo 有兩個的困擾：
  • (1) 時間問題(sudo timeout): NTP更新或手動改時間的時候會造成
  • (2) hostname 問題: 如果有改 hostname, sudo 也會失效
• [小問題] Windows XP 是 FAT32 格式必須轉換到 NTFS 格式

  convert d: /FS:NTFS 
  convert c: /FS:NTFS
  

• [備忘] 本機加完使用者之後，必須手動跑 YP 的帳號更新

  # make -C /var/yp
  

• [備忘] 更新 Netboot Image

  # /opt/drbl/sbin/mknic-nbi
  

  • [密技] 如果想要自己加東西到 pxe-initrd 的 initial RAMDisk 的話，可以改 /usr/lib/mkpxeinitrd-net/initrd-skel 的內容，例如想要加 NFSv4 或者把 Lustre、AoE、iSCSI 的網路硬碟，可以改 /usr/lib/mkpxeinitrd-net/initrd-skel/sbin/udhcpc-post 這些程序。
• [備忘] 為什麼 DRBL Client 的 /root 與 DRBL Server 的 /root 是各自獨立的呢?
  • DRBL Client 的 /root : /tftpboot/nodes/$IP/root
• [備忘] dcs re-deploy 就是跑 drblpush -c /etc/drbl/drblpush.conf
• [備忘] DRBL 的更新原則: 如果是 df 顯示出來的目錄讀寫權限是 RW，請重新跑 drblpush (re-deploy) 或用 drbl-cp-host 強制複製到每一台 DRBL Client。drblpush 更新方法包含 rsync 跟直接覆蓋兩種。
• [備忘] 在 Linux 底下查 BIOS 裡面的 UUID 可以用 ​dmidecode 套件的 dmidecode 指令，這個 UUID 就可以給 /tftpboot/nbi_img/pxelinux.cfg/ 指定特定機器的 pxelinux 設定用
  • [參考] ​Get Information About Your BIOS / Server Hardware From a Shell Without Opening Chassis ( BIOS Decoder )
  • [參考] ​dmidecode: What's it good for?

    root@drbl-xen-srv:~# dmidecode | grep UUID
            UUID: 564DA03C-37F5-D7DE-386D-CEF0191D96DC
    

• [小技巧] 要查 TFTP Server 的互動要求，可以把 /etc/default/tftpd-hpa 裡的 OPTIONS 加上 -v 參數

  etc/default/tftpd-hpa

  @@ -2 @@
  - OPTIONS="-l -s /tftpboot/nbi_img"
  + OPTIONS="-l -v -v -v -s /tftpboot/nbi_img"

  • 打開 logging verbosity 之後，重新啟動

    # /etc/init.d/tftpd-hpa restart
    

  • 從/var/log/daemon.log 可以看到 DRBL Client 送過來的 UUID
• [小技巧] 把 /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf 裡的 log 設定前的 mark 拿掉，就可以在 /var/log/daemon.log 裡看到 DHCP Server 與 DHCP Client 互動的過程

  etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf

  @@ -37 @@
  - #log(info, concat("Client ",
  - #        binary-to-ascii(16, 8, ":", substring(hardware, 1, 6)),
  - #        " requests ",
  - #        binary-to-ascii(16, 8, ":", option dhcp-parameter-request-list),
  - #        " - ",
  - #        pick-first-value(option vendor-class-identifier, "no vendor-id"),
  - #        " - ",
  - #        pick-first-value(option dhcp-client-identifier, "no dhcp-client-id"))
  - #   );
  + log(info, concat("Client ",
  +         binary-to-ascii(16, 8, ":", substring(hardware, 1, 6)),
  +         " requests ",
  +         binary-to-ascii(16, 8, ":", option dhcp-parameter-request-list),
  +         " - ",
  +         pick-first-value(option vendor-class-identifier, "no vendor-id"),
  +         " - ",
  +         pick-first-value(option dhcp-client-identifier, "no dhcp-client-id"))
  +    );