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Version 25 (modified by waue, 16 years ago) (diff)
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DRBL叢集上運行HADOOP

Hadoop Cluster Based on DRBL

此篇的目的在於利用DRBL統整一個Cluster，並在上面運行Hadoop。
由於DRBL為無碟系統，並非一般的Cluster，因此有些地方需要注意。

零、環境說明

環境中共有七台機器，一台為drbl server，也是hadoop的namenode，其他節點則client 與datanode，如下：

名稱	ip	drbl用途	hadoop 用途
hadoop	192.168.1.254	drbl server	namenode
hadoop	192.168.1.2	drbl server	namenode
hadoop	192.168.1.3	drbl clinet	datanode
hadoop	192.168.1.4	drbl clinet	datanode
hadoop	192.168.1.5	drbl clinet	datanode
hadoop	192.168.1.6	drbl clinet	datanode
hadoop	192.168.1.7	drbl clinet	datanode

介紹drbl server環境如下：

debian

etch (4.0)

server - 64 bit

DRBL為無碟系統，因此只要將drbl server系統與所需服務安裝好，則其他的client網路開機後，就會載入以server為依據的檔案系統，也就是說，只有某些特定資料夾內的內容(如 /etc /root /home /tmp /var ...)會各自不同之外，其他都一樣。舉例若改了server內/etc/hosts檔的，則其他的client都會自動即時一起更改（因為是用NFS mount 上來的）。

因此，只要先在drbl server上完成了一、安裝,二、設定之後，在將其他的client開機然後依照三、操作 就可以了。

一、安裝

1.1 安裝drbl

詳見 DRBL的安裝

1.2 安裝 java 6

在套件庫裡 /etc/apt/sources.list 加入 non-free 庫以及 backports 網址才能安裝 sun-java6

deb http://free.nchc.org.tw/debian/ etch main contrib non-free
deb-src http://free.nchc.org.tw/debian/ etch main contrib non-free
deb http://security.debian.org/ etch/updates main contrib non-free
deb-src http://security.debian.org/ etch/updates main contrib non-free
deb http://www.backports.org/debian etch-backports main non-free
deb http://free.nchc.org.tw/drbl-core drbl stable

安裝key及java6

$ wget http://www.backports.org/debian/archive.key
$ sudo apt-key add archive.key
$ apt-get update
$ apt-get install sun-java6-bin  sun-java6-jdk sun-java6-jre

1.3 安裝 Hadoop 0.18.3

$ cd /opt
$ wget http://ftp.twaren.net/Unix/Web/apache/hadoop/core/hadoop-0.18.3/hadoop-0.18.3.tar.gz
$ tar zxvf hadoop-0.18.3.tar.gz
hadoop:/opt# ln -sf hadoop-0.18.3 hadoop

二、設定 Hadoop

在 /etc/bash.bashrc 的最末加入以下資訊

PATH=$PATH:/opt/drbl/bin:/opt/drbl/sbin
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun
export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/hadoop/

編輯 /etc/hosts 把下面內容貼在最後

192.168.1.254 gm2.nchc.org.tw
192.168.1.1 hadoop101
192.168.1.10 hadoop110
192.168.1.11 hadoop111
192.168.1.2 hadoop102
192.168.1.3 hadoop103
192.168.1.4 hadoop104
192.168.1.5 hadoop105
192.168.1.6 hadoop106
192.168.1.7 hadoop107
192.168.1.8 hadoop108
192.168.1.9 hadoop109

編輯 /opt/hadoop-0.18.3/conf/hadoop-env.sh

hadoop-0.18.3/conf/hadoop-env.sh

-                      old
+                      new
 # remote nodes.
 # The java implementation to use.  Required.
+# export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/j2sdk1.5-sun
+export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun
+export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/hadoop-0.18.3
+export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/conf
+export HADOOP_LOG_DIR=/root/hadoop/logs
 # Extra Java CLASSPATH elements.  Optional.
 # export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=

編輯 /opt/hadoop-0.18.3/conf/hadoop-site.xml

hadoop-0.18.3/conf/hadoop-site.xml

-                      old
+                      new
 <!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->
 <configuration>
+  <property>
+    <name>fs.default.name</name>
+    <value>hdfs://gm2.nchc.org.tw:9000/</value>
+    <description>
+      The name of the default file system. Either the literal string
+      "local" or a host:port for NDFS.
+    </description>
+  </property>
+  <property>
+    <name>mapred.job.tracker</name>
+    <value>hdfs://gm2.nchc.org.tw:9001</value>
+    <description>
+      The host and port that the MapReduce job tracker runs at. If
+      "local", then jobs are run in-process as a single map and
+      reduce task.
+    </description>
+  </property>
 </configuration>

編輯 /opt/hadoop/conf/slaves

hadoop102
hadoop103
hadoop104
hadoop105
hadoop106
hadoop107
hadoop

三、操作

3.1 開啟DRBL Client

將所有的 client 開啟，並且如下

******************************************************
          NIC    NIC IP                    Clients
+------------------------------+
|         DRBL SERVER          |
|                              |
|    +-- [eth2] 140.110.X.X    +- to WAN
|                              |
|    +-- [eth1] 192.168.1.254  +- to clients group 1 [ 6 clients, their IP
|                              |             from 192.168.1.2 - 192.168.1.7]
+------------------------------+
******************************************************
Total clients: 6
******************************************************

3.2 設定ssh

編寫 /etc/ssh/ssh_config
```
StrictHostKeyChecking no
```

執行

$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 1024 -N "" -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa
$ cp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
$ /etc/init.d/ssh restart

寫個自動化　auto.shell 並執行

#!/bin/bash

for ((i=2;i<=7;i++));
do
 scp -r ~/.ssh/ "192.168.1.$i":~/
 scp /etc/ssh/ssh_config "192.168.1.$i":/etc/ssh/ssh_config
 ssh "192.168.1.$i" /etc/init.d/ssh restart
done

正確無誤則可免密碼登入

3.2.1 dsh

$ sudo apt-get install dsh
$ mkdir -p .dsh
$ for ((i=2;i<=7;i++)); do echo "192.168.1.$i" >> .dsh/machines.list; done

並執行

$ dsh -a scp hadoop:/etc/hosts /etc/
$ dsh -a source /etc/bash.bashrc

3.3 啟動 Hadoop

啟動

$ cd /opt/hadoop
$ bin/hadoop namenode -format
$ bin/start-all.sh

3.4 Hadoop 測試範例

運作WordCount以測試

$ mkdir input
$ cp *.txt input/
$ bin/hadoop dfs -put input input 
$ bin/hadoop jar hadoop-*-examples.jar wordcount input ouput

執行畫面：

hadoop:/opt/hadoop# bin/hadoop jar hadoop-*-examples.jar wordcount input ouput
09/02/26 06:16:34 INFO mapred.FileInputFormat: Total input paths to process : 4
09/02/26 06:16:34 INFO mapred.FileInputFormat: Total input paths to process : 4
09/02/26 06:16:35 INFO mapred.JobClient: Running job: job_200902260615_0001
09/02/26 06:16:36 INFO mapred.JobClient:  map 0% reduce 0%
09/02/26 06:16:39 INFO mapred.JobClient:  map 80% reduce 0%
09/02/26 06:16:40 INFO mapred.JobClient:  map 100% reduce 0%
09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient: Job complete: job_200902260615_0001
09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient: Counters: 16
09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient:   File Systems
09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient:     HDFS bytes read=267854
09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient:     HDFS bytes written=100895
09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Local bytes read=133897
09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Local bytes written=292260
09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient:   Job Counters 
09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Launched reduce tasks=1
09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Rack-local map tasks=5
09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Launched map tasks=5
09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient:   Map-Reduce Framework
09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce input groups=8123
09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Combine output records=17996
09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map input records=6515
09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce output records=8123
09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map output bytes=385233
09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map input bytes=265370
09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Combine input records=44786
09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map output records=34913
09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce input records=8123
hadoop:/opt/hadoop#

http://gm2.nchc.org.tw:50030/
- 網頁中可以看到node數為7則代表所有的節點都有加入
http://gm2.nchc.org.tw:50075/browseDirectory.jsp?dir=%2Fuser%2Froot&namenodeInfoPort=50070
- 可以看到輸出結果

3.5 停止hadoop

$ bin/stop-all.sh

3.6 重新建立 hadoop

$ bin/stop-all.sh
$ dsh -a rm -rf /root/hadoop/* /tmp/hadoop-root*
$ bin/hadoop namenode -format
$ bin/start-all.sh

四、操作

4.1 帳號

增加一個hadoop帳號huser，使之可以在hdfs上自己的目錄內進行存取瀏覽的操作

在drbl系統新增帳號 huser

<root>$ /opt/drbl/sbin/drbl-useradd -s huser huser

用hdfs的superuser（此篇文章為root）在hdfs上建立資料夾
```
<root>$ /opt/hadoop/bin/hadoop dfs -mkdir /user/huser
```

用superuser 設定hdfs上該資料夾的權限與擁有者

<root>$ /opt/hadoop/bin/hadoop dfs -chown -R huser /user/huser
<root>$ /opt/hadoop/bin/hadoop dfs -chmod -R 775 /user/huser

測試：用huser瀏覽或寫入檔案

<root>$ su - huser
<huser>$ cd /opt/hadoop/
<huser>$ /opt/hadoop/bin/hadoop dfs -put input /user/huser/input
<huser>$ /opt/hadoop/bin/hadoop dfs -ls /user/huser/input

4.1 多帳號

測試兩個user： rock , waue 同時執行，沒有問題

bin/hadoop jar hadoop-*-examples.jar wordcount input/ ouput/

網頁結果：

Completed Jobs

Completed Jobs

Jobid

User

Name

Map % Complete

Map Total

Maps Completed

Reduce % Complete

Reduce Total

Reduces Completed

job_200903061742_0001

waue

wordcount

100.00%

job_200903061742_0002

rock

wordcount

100.00%

job_200903061742_0003

waue

wordcount

100.00%

Failed Jobs

五、參考資料

六、問題排解

drbl似乎安裝不順

drblsrv -i 出現以下錯誤訊息

Kernel 2.6 was found, so default to use initramfs.
The requested kernel "" 2.6.18-6-amd64 kernel files are NOT found in  /tftpboot/node_root/lib/modules/s and /tftpboot/node_root/boot in the server! The necessary modules in the network initrd can NOT be created!
Client will NOT remote boot correctly!
Program terminated!
Done!

我這邊用 VMWare 裝 Debian 4.0r6 amd64 沒有這個問題耶

原因： apt 的鏡像站台沒有複製到資料因此無法安裝新kernel，導致出現問題

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