[[PageOutline]] = DRBL叢集上運行HADOOP = '''Hadoop Cluster Based on DRBL''' * 此篇的目的在於利用DRBL統整一個Cluster，並在上面運行Hadoop。 * 由於DRBL為無碟系統，並非一般的Cluster，因此有些地方需要注意。 = 零、環境說明 = 環境中共有七台機器，一台為drbl server，也是hadoop的namenode，其他節點則client 與datanode，如下： || 名稱 || ip || drbl用途 || hadoop 用途 || || hadoop || 192.168.1.254 || drbl server || namenode || || hadoop || 192.168.1.2 || drbl server || namenode || || hadoop || 192.168.1.3 || drbl clinet || datanode || || hadoop || 192.168.1.4 || drbl clinet || datanode || || hadoop || 192.168.1.5 || drbl clinet || datanode || || hadoop || 192.168.1.6 || drbl clinet || datanode || || hadoop || 192.168.1.7 || drbl clinet || datanode || 介紹drbl server環境如下： || debian || etch (4.0) || server - 64 bit || DRBL為無碟系統，因此只要將drbl server系統與所需服務安裝好，則其他的client網路開機後，就會載入以server為依據的檔案系統，也就是說，只有某些特定資料夾內的內容(如 /etc /root /home /tmp /var ...)會各自不同之外，其他都一樣。舉例若改了server內/etc/hosts檔的，則其他的client都會自動即時一起更改（因為是用NFS mount 上來的）。 因此，只要先在drbl server上完成了'''一、安裝''','''二、設定'''之後，在將其他的client開機然後依照'''三、操作''' 就可以了。 = 一、安裝 = == 1.1 安裝drbl == * 詳見 [http://drbl.nchc.org.tw/one4all/desktop/ DRBL的安裝] == 1.2 安裝 java 6 == * 在套件庫裡 /etc/apt/sources.list 加入 non-free 庫以及 backports 網址才能安裝 sun-java6 {{{ deb http://free.nchc.org.tw/debian/ etch main contrib non-free deb-src http://free.nchc.org.tw/debian/ etch main contrib non-free deb http://security.debian.org/ etch/updates main contrib non-free deb-src http://security.debian.org/ etch/updates main contrib non-free deb http://www.backports.org/debian etch-backports main non-free deb http://free.nchc.org.tw/drbl-core drbl stable }}} * 安裝key及java6 {{{ $ wget http://www.backports.org/debian/archive.key $ sudo apt-key add archive.key $ apt-get update $ apt-get install sun-java6-bin sun-java6-jdk sun-java6-jre }}} == 1.3 安裝 Hadoop 0.18.3 == {{{ $ cd /opt $ wget http://ftp.twaren.net/Unix/Web/apache/hadoop/core/hadoop-0.18.3/hadoop-0.18.3.tar.gz $ tar zxvf hadoop-0.18.3.tar.gz hadoop:/opt# ln -sf hadoop-0.18.3 hadoop }}} = 二、設定 Hadoop = * 在 /etc/bash.bashrc 的最末加入 以下資訊 {{{ PATH=$PATH:/opt/drbl/bin:/opt/drbl/sbin export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/hadoop/ }}} * 編輯 /etc/hosts 把下面內容貼在最後 {{{ 192.168.1.254 gm2.nchc.org.tw 192.168.1.1 hadoop101 192.168.1.10 hadoop110 192.168.1.11 hadoop111 192.168.1.2 hadoop102 192.168.1.3 hadoop103 192.168.1.4 hadoop104 192.168.1.5 hadoop105 192.168.1.6 hadoop106 192.168.1.7 hadoop107 192.168.1.8 hadoop108 192.168.1.9 hadoop109 }}} * 編輯 /opt/hadoop-0.18.3/conf/hadoop-env.sh {{{ #!diff --- hadoop-0.18.3/conf/hadoop-env.sh.org +++ hadoop-0.18.3/conf/hadoop-env.sh @@ -6,7 +6,9 @@ # remote nodes. # The java implementation to use. Required. -# export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/j2sdk1.5-sun +export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun +export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/hadoop-0.18.3 +export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/conf +export HADOOP_LOG_DIR=/root/hadoop/logs # Extra Java CLASSPATH elements. Optional. # export HADOOP_CLASSPATH= }}} * 編輯 /opt/hadoop-0.18.3/conf/hadoop-site.xml {{{ #!diff --- hadoop-0.18.3/conf/hadoop-site.xml.org +++ hadoop-0.18.3/conf/hadoop-site.xml @@ -4,5 +4,31 @@ - + + fs.default.name + hdfs://gm2.nchc.org.tw:9000/ + + The name of the default file system. Either the literal string + "local" or a host:port for NDFS. + + + + mapred.job.tracker + hdfs://gm2.nchc.org.tw:9001 + + The host and port that the MapReduce job tracker runs at. If + "local", then jobs are run in-process as a single map and + reduce task. + + }}} * 編輯 /opt/hadoop/conf/slaves {{{ hadoop102 hadoop103 hadoop104 hadoop105 hadoop106 hadoop107 hadoop }}} = 三、操作 = == 3.1 開啟DRBL Client == * 將所有的 client 開啟，並且如下 {{{ ****************************************************** NIC NIC IP Clients +------------------------------+ | DRBL SERVER | | | | +-- [eth2] 140.110.X.X +- to WAN | | | +-- [eth1] 192.168.1.254 +- to clients group 1 [ 6 clients, their IP | | from 192.168.1.2 - 192.168.1.7] +------------------------------+ ****************************************************** Total clients: 6 ****************************************************** }}} == 3.2 設定ssh == * 編寫 /etc/ssh/ssh_config {{{ StrictHostKeyChecking no }}} * 執行 {{{ $ ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 1024 -N "" -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa $ cp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ~/.ssh/authorized_keys $ /etc/init.d/ssh restart }}} * 寫個自動化　auto.shell 並執行 {{{ #!sh #!/bin/bash for ((i=2;i<=7;i++)); do scp -r ~/.ssh/ "192.168.1.$i":~/ scp /etc/ssh/ssh_config "192.168.1.$i":/etc/ssh/ssh_config ssh "192.168.1.$i" /etc/init.d/ssh restart done }}} * 正確無誤則可免密碼登入 === 3.2.1 dsh === {{{ $ sudo apt-get install dsh $ mkdir -p .dsh $ for ((i=2;i<=7;i++)); do echo "192.168.1.$i" >> .dsh/machines.list; done }}} 並執行 {{{ $ dsh -a scp hadoop:/etc/hosts /etc/ $ dsh -a source /etc/bash.bashrc }}} == 3.3 啟動 Hadoop == * 啟動 {{{ $ cd /opt/hadoop $ bin/hadoop namenode -format $ bin/start-all.sh }}} == 3.4 Hadoop 測試範例 == * 運作WordCount以測試 {{{ $ mkdir input $ cp *.txt input/ $ bin/hadoop dfs -put input input $ bin/hadoop jar hadoop-*-examples.jar wordcount input ouput }}} * 執行畫面： {{{ hadoop:/opt/hadoop# bin/hadoop jar hadoop-*-examples.jar wordcount input ouput 09/02/26 06:16:34 INFO mapred.FileInputFormat: Total input paths to process : 4 09/02/26 06:16:34 INFO mapred.FileInputFormat: Total input paths to process : 4 09/02/26 06:16:35 INFO mapred.JobClient: Running job: job_200902260615_0001 09/02/26 06:16:36 INFO mapred.JobClient: map 0% reduce 0% 09/02/26 06:16:39 INFO mapred.JobClient: map 80% reduce 0% 09/02/26 06:16:40 INFO mapred.JobClient: map 100% reduce 0% 09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient: Job complete: job_200902260615_0001 09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient: Counters: 16 09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient: File Systems 09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient: HDFS bytes read=267854 09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient: HDFS bytes written=100895 09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient: Local bytes read=133897 09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient: Local bytes written=292260 09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient: Job Counters 09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient: Launched reduce tasks=1 09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient: Rack-local map tasks=5 09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient: Launched map tasks=5 09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient: Map-Reduce Framework 09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient: Reduce input groups=8123 09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient: Combine output records=17996 09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient: Map input records=6515 09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient: Reduce output records=8123 09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient: Map output bytes=385233 09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient: Map input bytes=265370 09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient: Combine input records=44786 09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient: Map output records=34913 09/02/26 06:16:50 INFO mapred.JobClient: Reduce input records=8123 hadoop:/opt/hadoop# }}} * http://gm2.nchc.org.tw:50030/ * 網頁中可以看到node數為7則代表所有的節點都有加入 * http://gm2.nchc.org.tw:50075/browseDirectory.jsp?dir=%2Fuser%2Froot&namenodeInfoPort=50070 * 可以看到輸出結果 == 3.5 停止hadoop == {{{ $ bin/stop-all.sh }}} == 3.6 重新建立 hadoop == {{{ $ bin/stop-all.sh $ dsh -a rm -rf /root/hadoop/* /tmp/hadoop-root* $ bin/hadoop namenode -format $ bin/start-all.sh }}} = 四、操作 = == 4.1 帳號 == * 增加一個hadoop帳號huser，使之可以在hdfs上自己的目錄內進行存取瀏覽的操作 1. 在drbl系統新增帳號 huser {{{ $ /opt/drbl/sbin/drbl-useradd -s huser huser }}} 2. 用hdfs的superuser（此篇文章為root）在hdfs上建立資料夾 {{{ $ /opt/hadoop/bin/hadoop dfs -mkdir /user/huser }}} 3. 用superuser 設定hdfs上該資料夾的權限與擁有者 {{{ $ /opt/hadoop/bin/hadoop dfs -chown -R huser /user/huser $ /opt/hadoop/bin/hadoop dfs -chmod -R 775 /user/huser }}} 4. 測試：用huser瀏覽或寫入檔案 {{{ $ su - huser $ cd /opt/hadoop/ $ /opt/hadoop/bin/hadoop dfs -put input /user/huser/input $ /opt/hadoop/bin/hadoop dfs -ls /user/huser/input }}} == 4.1 多帳號 == * 測試兩個user： rock , waue 同時執行，沒有問題 {{{ bin/hadoop jar hadoop-*-examples.jar wordcount input/ ouput/ }}} = 五、參考資料 = * [http://trac.nchc.org.tw/grid/wiki/jazz/DRBL_Hadoop Jazz: DRBL_Hadoop ] * [http://trac.nchc.org.tw/cloud/wiki/MR_manual Hadoop手冊] = 六、問題排解 = * drbl似乎安裝不順 drblsrv -i 出現以下錯誤訊息 {{{ Kernel 2.6 was found, so default to use initramfs. The requested kernel "" 2.6.18-6-amd64 kernel files are NOT found in /tftpboot/node_root/lib/modules/s and /tftpboot/node_root/boot in the server! The necessary modules in the network initrd can NOT be created! Client will NOT remote boot correctly! Program terminated! Done! }}} > 我這邊用 VMWare 裝 Debian 4.0r6 amd64 沒有這個問題耶 > [[Image(debian_4.0r6_drbl.jpg)]] >> 原因： apt 的鏡像站台沒有複製到資料因此無法安裝新kernel，導致出現問題