| 1 | {{{ |
| 2 | #!html |
| 3 | <div style="text-align: center;"><big |
| 4 | style="font-weight: bold;"><big><big>Hadoop Streaming</big></big></big></div> |
| 5 | }}} |
| 6 | |
| 7 | [[PageOutline]] |
| 8 | |
| 9 | Hadoop streaming是Hadoop的一個工具, 它幫助用戶創建和運行一類特殊的map/reduce作業, 這些特殊的map/reduce作業是由一些可執行文件或腳本文件充當mapper或者reducer |
| 10 | |
| 11 | * 用法: |
| 12 | |
| 13 | {{{ |
| 14 | $ bin/hadoop jar contrib/streaming/hadoop-0.18.3-streaming.jar \ |
| 15 | -input $INPUT -output $OUTPUT -mapper $MAPPER -reducer $REDUCER |
| 16 | }}} |
| 17 | |
| 18 | * 格式分析: |
| 19 | |
| 20 | || bin/hadoop || 呼叫使用hadoop程式 || || |
| 21 | || jar contrib/streaming/hadoop-0.18.3-streaming.jar || 使用streaming這個功能 || ps:預設此jar檔放在 contrib/streaming/ 內 || |
| 22 | || -input $INPUT || 設定hdfs上的輸入資料夾 || ps:需先上傳資料到hdfs 上 || |
| 23 | || -output $OUTPUT || 設定hdfs上的輸出資料夾|| ps:在hdfs 上的 output資料夾不可重複|| |
| 24 | || -mapper $MAPPER || 設定mapper程式 || ps:要給完整路徑 || |
| 25 | || -reducer $REDUCER || 設定reducer程式 || ps:要給完整路徑 || |
| 26 | |
| 27 | ------------ |
| 28 | |
| 29 | = Stream Example 1 : 用 Shell = |
| 30 | |
| 31 | 此範例以 cat 當mapper , wc 作 reducer |
| 32 | |
| 33 | * 運算方法如下 |
| 34 | |
| 35 | {{{ |
| 36 | $ bin/hadoop jar contrib/streaming/hadoop-0.18.3-streaming.jar \ |
| 37 | -input lab4_input -output stream-out1 -mapper /bin/cat -reducer /usr/bin/wc |
| 38 | }}} |
| 39 | |
| 40 | * 輸出的結果為: |
| 41 | |
| 42 | {{{ |
| 43 | $ bin/hadoop fs -cat stream-out1/part-00000 |
| 44 | }}} |
| 45 | |
| 46 | || 行 || 字數 || 字元數 || |
| 47 | || 2 || 15 || 80 || |
| 48 | |
| 49 | ------------ |
| 50 | |
| 51 | = Stream Example 2 : 用 PHP = |
| 52 | |
| 53 | [http://www.hadoop.tw/2008/09/php-hadoop.html 參考自 Hadoop Taiwan User Group ] |
| 54 | |
| 55 | * 安裝php的執行方法 |
| 56 | {{{ |
| 57 | $ cd /opt/hadoop/ |
| 58 | $ sudo apt-get install php5-cli |
| 59 | }}} |
| 60 | |
| 61 | * 編輯 mapper 的 php 程式 |
| 62 | {{{ |
| 63 | $ gedit mapper.php |
| 64 | }}} |
| 65 | |
| 66 | 內容為 : |
| 67 | |
| 68 | {{{ |
| 69 | #!php |
| 70 | #!/usr/bin/php |
| 71 | <?php |
| 72 | |
| 73 | $word2count = array(); |
| 74 | |
| 75 | // 標準輸入為 STDIN (standard input) |
| 76 | while (($line = fgets(STDIN)) !== false) { |
| 77 | // 移除小寫與空白 |
| 78 | $line = strtolower(trim($line)); |
| 79 | // 將行拆解成各個字於words 陣列中 |
| 80 | $words = preg_split('/\W/', $line, 0, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY); |
| 81 | // 將字+1 |
| 82 | foreach ($words as $word) { |
| 83 | $word2count[$word] += 1; |
| 84 | } |
| 85 | } |
| 86 | |
| 87 | // 將結果寫到 STDOUT (standard output) |
| 88 | foreach ($word2count as $word => $count) { |
| 89 | // 印出 [字 , "tab符號" , "數字" , "結束字元"] |
| 90 | echo $word, chr(9), $count, PHP_EOL; |
| 91 | } |
| 92 | ?> |
| 93 | }}} |
| 94 | |
| 95 | * 編輯 reduce 的php程式 |
| 96 | {{{ |
| 97 | $ gedit reducer.php |
| 98 | }}} |
| 99 | |
| 100 | 內容為: |
| 101 | |
| 102 | {{{ |
| 103 | #!php |
| 104 | #!/usr/bin/php |
| 105 | <?php |
| 106 | |
| 107 | $word2count = array(); |
| 108 | |
| 109 | // 輸入為 STDIN |
| 110 | while (($line = fgets(STDIN)) !== false) { |
| 111 | // 移除多餘的空白 |
| 112 | $line = trim($line); |
| 113 | // 每一行的格式為 (單字 "tab" 數字) ,紀錄到($word, $count) |
| 114 | list($word, $count) = explode(chr(9), $line); |
| 115 | // 轉換格式string -> int |
| 116 | $count = intval($count); |
| 117 | // 加總 |
| 118 | if ($count > 0) $word2count[$word] += $count; |
| 119 | } |
| 120 | |
| 121 | // 此行不必要,但可讓output排列更完整 |
| 122 | ksort($word2count); |
| 123 | |
| 124 | // 將結果寫到 STDOUT (standard output) |
| 125 | foreach ($word2count as $word => $count) { |
| 126 | echo $word, chr(9), $count, PHP_EOL; |
| 127 | } |
| 128 | |
| 129 | ?> |
| 130 | }}} |
| 131 | |
| 132 | * 修改執行權限 |
| 133 | |
| 134 | {{{ |
| 135 | $ chmod 755 *.php |
| 136 | }}} |
| 137 | |
| 138 | * 測試是否能運作 |
| 139 | |
| 140 | {{{ |
| 141 | $ echo "i love hadoop, hadoop love u" | ./mapper.php | ./reducer.php |
| 142 | }}} |
| 143 | |
| 144 | * 開始執行 |
| 145 | |
| 146 | {{{ |
| 147 | $ bin/hadoop jar contrib/streaming/hadoop-0.18.3-streaming.jar \ |
| 148 | -mapper /opt/hadoop/mapper.php -reducer /opt/hadoop/reducer.php -input lab4_input -output stream_out2 |
| 149 | }}} |
| 150 | |
| 151 | * 檢查結果 |
| 152 | |
| 153 | {{{ |
| 154 | $ bin/hadoop dfs -cat stream_out2/part-00000 |
| 155 | }}} |
| 156 | |
| 157 | = Python 實做 = |
| 158 | * [http://www.cs.brandeis.edu/~cs147a/lab/hadoop-example/ Hadoop Example Program] from brandeis University |