| | 1 | {{{ |
| | 2 | #!html |
| | 3 | <div style="text-align: center;"><big |
| | 4 | style="font-weight: bold;"><big><big>Hadoop Streaming</big></big></big></div> |
| | 5 | }}} |
| | 6 | |
| | 7 | [[PageOutline]] |
| | 8 | |
| | 9 | Hadoop streaming是Hadoop的一個工具, 它幫助用戶創建和運行一類特殊的map/reduce作業, 這些特殊的map/reduce作業是由一些可執行文件或腳本文件充當mapper或者reducer |
| | 10 | |
| | 11 | * 用法: |
| | 12 | |
| | 13 | {{{ |
| | 14 | $ bin/hadoop jar contrib/streaming/hadoop-0.18.3-streaming.jar \ |
| | 15 | -input $INPUT -output $OUTPUT -mapper $MAPPER -reducer $REDUCER |
| | 16 | }}} |
| | 17 | |
| | 18 | * 格式分析: |
| | 19 | |
| | 20 | || bin/hadoop || 呼叫使用hadoop程式 || || |
| | 21 | || jar contrib/streaming/hadoop-0.18.3-streaming.jar || 使用streaming這個功能 || ps:預設此jar檔放在 contrib/streaming/ 內 || |
| | 22 | || -input $INPUT || 設定hdfs上的輸入資料夾 || ps:需先上傳資料到hdfs 上 || |
| | 23 | || -output $OUTPUT || 設定hdfs上的輸出資料夾|| ps:在hdfs 上的 output資料夾不可重複|| |
| | 24 | || -mapper $MAPPER || 設定mapper程式 || ps:要給完整路徑 || |
| | 25 | || -reducer $REDUCER || 設定reducer程式 || ps:要給完整路徑 || |
| | 26 | |
| | 27 | ------------ |
| | 28 | |
| | 29 | = Stream Example 1 : 用 Shell = |
| | 30 | |
| | 31 | 此範例以 cat 當mapper , wc 作 reducer |
| | 32 | |
| | 33 | * 運算方法如下 |
| | 34 | |
| | 35 | {{{ |
| | 36 | $ bin/hadoop jar contrib/streaming/hadoop-0.18.3-streaming.jar \ |
| | 37 | -input lab4_input -output stream-out1 -mapper /bin/cat -reducer /usr/bin/wc |
| | 38 | }}} |
| | 39 | |
| | 40 | * 輸出的結果為: |
| | 41 | |
| | 42 | {{{ |
| | 43 | $ bin/hadoop fs -cat stream-out1/part-00000 |
| | 44 | }}} |
| | 45 | |
| | 46 | || 行 || 字數 || 字元數 || |
| | 47 | || 2 || 15 || 80 || |
| | 48 | |
| | 49 | ------------ |
| | 50 | |
| | 51 | = Stream Example 2 : 用 PHP = |
| | 52 | |
| | 53 | [http://www.hadoop.tw/2008/09/php-hadoop.html 參考自 Hadoop Taiwan User Group ] |
| | 54 | |
| | 55 | * 安裝php的執行方法 |
| | 56 | {{{ |
| | 57 | $ cd /opt/hadoop/ |
| | 58 | $ sudo apt-get install php5-cli |
| | 59 | }}} |
| | 60 | |
| | 61 | * 編輯 mapper 的 php 程式 |
| | 62 | {{{ |
| | 63 | $ gedit mapper.php |
| | 64 | }}} |
| | 65 | |
| | 66 | 內容為 : |
| | 67 | |
| | 68 | {{{ |
| | 69 | #!php |
| | 70 | #!/usr/bin/php |
| | 71 | <?php |
| | 72 | |
| | 73 | $word2count = array(); |
| | 74 | |
| | 75 | // 標準輸入為 STDIN (standard input) |
| | 76 | while (($line = fgets(STDIN)) !== false) { |
| | 77 | // 移除小寫與空白 |
| | 78 | $line = strtolower(trim($line)); |
| | 79 | // 將行拆解成各個字於words 陣列中 |
| | 80 | $words = preg_split('/\W/', $line, 0, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY); |
| | 81 | // 將字+1 |
| | 82 | foreach ($words as $word) { |
| | 83 | $word2count[$word] += 1; |
| | 84 | } |
| | 85 | } |
| | 86 | |
| | 87 | // 將結果寫到 STDOUT (standard output) |
| | 88 | foreach ($word2count as $word => $count) { |
| | 89 | // 印出 [字 , "tab符號" , "數字" , "結束字元"] |
| | 90 | echo $word, chr(9), $count, PHP_EOL; |
| | 91 | } |
| | 92 | ?> |
| | 93 | }}} |
| | 94 | |
| | 95 | * 編輯 reduce 的php程式 |
| | 96 | {{{ |
| | 97 | $ gedit reducer.php |
| | 98 | }}} |
| | 99 | |
| | 100 | 內容為: |
| | 101 | |
| | 102 | {{{ |
| | 103 | #!php |
| | 104 | #!/usr/bin/php |
| | 105 | <?php |
| | 106 | |
| | 107 | $word2count = array(); |
| | 108 | |
| | 109 | // 輸入為 STDIN |
| | 110 | while (($line = fgets(STDIN)) !== false) { |
| | 111 | // 移除多餘的空白 |
| | 112 | $line = trim($line); |
| | 113 | // 每一行的格式為 (單字 "tab" 數字) ,紀錄到($word, $count) |
| | 114 | list($word, $count) = explode(chr(9), $line); |
| | 115 | // 轉換格式string -> int |
| | 116 | $count = intval($count); |
| | 117 | // 加總 |
| | 118 | if ($count > 0) $word2count[$word] += $count; |
| | 119 | } |
| | 120 | |
| | 121 | // 此行不必要,但可讓output排列更完整 |
| | 122 | ksort($word2count); |
| | 123 | |
| | 124 | // 將結果寫到 STDOUT (standard output) |
| | 125 | foreach ($word2count as $word => $count) { |
| | 126 | echo $word, chr(9), $count, PHP_EOL; |
| | 127 | } |
| | 128 | |
| | 129 | ?> |
| | 130 | }}} |
| | 131 | |
| | 132 | * 修改執行權限 |
| | 133 | |
| | 134 | {{{ |
| | 135 | $ chmod 755 *.php |
| | 136 | }}} |
| | 137 | |
| | 138 | * 測試是否能運作 |
| | 139 | |
| | 140 | {{{ |
| | 141 | $ echo "i love hadoop, hadoop love u" | ./mapper.php | ./reducer.php |
| | 142 | }}} |
| | 143 | |
| | 144 | * 開始執行 |
| | 145 | |
| | 146 | {{{ |
| | 147 | $ bin/hadoop jar contrib/streaming/hadoop-0.18.3-streaming.jar \ |
| | 148 | -mapper /opt/hadoop/mapper.php -reducer /opt/hadoop/reducer.php -input lab4_input -output stream_out2 |
| | 149 | }}} |
| | 150 | |
| | 151 | * 檢查結果 |
| | 152 | |
| | 153 | {{{ |
| | 154 | $ bin/hadoop dfs -cat stream_out2/part-00000 |
| | 155 | }}} |
| | 156 | |
| | 157 | = Python 實做 = |
| | 158 | * [http://www.cs.brandeis.edu/~cs147a/lab/hadoop-example/ Hadoop Example Program] from brandeis University |