| [66] | 1 | <html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Application Developer's Guide - Development Processes</title><meta value="Craig R. McClanahan" name="author"><meta value="craigmcc@apache.org" name="email"></head><body vlink="#525D76" alink="#525D76" link="#525D76" text="#000000" bgcolor="#ffffff"><table cellspacing="0" width="100%" border="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img border="0" alt=" |
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| 2 | The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container |
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| 3 | " align="right" src="../images/tomcat.gif"></a></td><td><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif"><h1>Apache Tomcat 6.0</h1></font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img border="0" alt="Apache Logo" align="right" src="../images/asf-logo.gif"></a></td></tr></table><table cellspacing="4" width="100%" border="0"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr size="1" noshade></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td nowrap="true" valign="top" width="20%"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="../index.html">Docs Home</a></li></ul><p><strong>Contents</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Contents</a></li><li><a href="introduction.html">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="installation.html">Installation</a></li><li><a href="deployment.html">Deployment</a></li><li><a href="source.html">Source Code</a></li><li><a href="processes.html">Processes</a></li><li><a href="sample/">Example App</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td align="left" valign="top" width="80%"><table cellspacing="4" width="100%" border="0"><tr><td valign="top" align="left"><h1>Application Developer's Guide</h1><h2>Development Processes</h2></td><td nowrap="true" valign="top" align="right"><small><a href="printer/processes.html"><img alt="Printer Friendly Version" border="0" src="../images/printer.gif"><br>print-friendly<br>version |
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| 4 | </a></small></td></tr></table><table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font face="arial,helvetica.sanserif" color="#ffffff"><a name="Development Processes"><strong>Development Processes</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote> |
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| 5 | |
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| 6 | <p>Although application development can take many forms, this manual proposes |
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| 7 | a fairly generic process for creating web applications using Tomcat. The |
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| 8 | following sections highlight the commands and tasks that you, as the developer |
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| 9 | of the code, will perform. The same basic approach works when you have |
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| 10 | multiple programmers involved, as long as you have an appropriate source code |
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| 11 | control system and internal team rules about who is working on what parts |
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| 12 | of the application at any given time.</p> |
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| 13 | |
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| 14 | <p>The task descriptions below assume that you will be using CVS for source |
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| 15 | code control, and that you have already configured access to the appropriate |
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| 16 | CVS repository. Instructions for doing this are beyond the scope of this |
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| 17 | manual. If you are using a different source code control environment, you |
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| 18 | will need to figure out the corresponding commands for your system.</p> |
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| 19 | |
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| 20 | |
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| 21 | <table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font face="arial,helvetica.sanserif" color="#ffffff"><a name="One-Time Setup of Ant and Tomcat for Development"><strong>One-Time Setup of Ant and Tomcat for Development</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote> |
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| 22 | |
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| 23 | <p>In order to take advantage of the special Ant tasks that interact with the |
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| 24 | <em>Manager</em> web application, you need to perform the following tasks |
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| 25 | once (no matter how many web applications you plan to develop).</p> |
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| 26 | <ul> |
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| 27 | <li><em>Configure the Ant custom tasks</em>. The implementation code for the |
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| 28 | Ant custom tasks is in a JAR file named |
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| 29 | <code>$CATALINA_HOME/lib/catalina-ant.jar</code>, which must be |
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| 30 | copied in to the <code>lib</code> directory of your Ant installation. |
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| 31 | <br><br></li> |
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| 32 | <li><em>Define one or more Tomcat users</em>. The <em>Manager</em> web |
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| 33 | application runs under a security constraint that requires a user to be |
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| 34 | logged in, and have the security role <code>manager</code> assigned to |
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| 35 | him or her. How such users are defined depends on which Realm you have |
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| 36 | configured in Tomcat's <code>conf/server.xml</code> file -- see the |
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| 37 | <a href="../realm-howto.html">Realm Configuration HOW-TO</a> for more |
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| 38 | information. You may define any number of users (with any username |
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| 39 | and password that you like) with the <code>manager</code> role. |
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| 40 | <br><br></li> |
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| 41 | </ul> |
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| 42 | |
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| 43 | </blockquote></td></tr></table> |
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| 44 | |
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| 45 | |
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| 46 | <table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font face="arial,helvetica.sanserif" color="#ffffff"><a name="Create Project Source Code Directory"><strong>Create Project Source Code Directory</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote> |
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| 47 | |
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| 48 | <p>The first step is to create a new project source directory, and customize |
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| 49 | the <code>build.xml</code> and <code>build.properties</code> files you will |
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| 50 | be using. The directory structure is described in <a href="source.html">the |
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| 51 | previous section</a>, or you can use the |
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| 52 | <a href="sample/">sample application</a> as a starting point.</p> |
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| 53 | |
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| 54 | <p>Create your project source directory, and define it within your CVS |
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| 55 | repository. This might be done by a series of commands like this, where |
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| 56 | <code>{project}</code> is the name under which your project should be |
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| 57 | stored in the CVS repository, and {username} is your login username:</p> |
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| 58 | <div align="left"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="4"><tr><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr><tr><td width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#ffffff"><pre> |
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| 59 | cd {my home directory} |
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| 60 | mkdir myapp <-- Assumed "project source directory" |
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| 61 | cd myapp |
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| 62 | mkdir docs |
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| 63 | mkdir src |
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| 64 | mkdir web |
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| 65 | mkdir web/WEB-INF |
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| 66 | cvs import -m "Initial Project Creation" {project} \ |
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| 67 | {username} start |
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| 68 | </pre></td><td width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr><tr><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr></table></div> |
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| 69 | |
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| 70 | <p>Now, to verify that it was created correctly in CVS, we will perform a |
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| 71 | checkout of the new project:</p> |
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| 72 | <div align="left"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="4"><tr><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr><tr><td width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#ffffff"><pre> |
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| 73 | cd .. |
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| 74 | mv myapp myapp.bu |
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| 75 | cvs checkout {project} |
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| 76 | </pre></td><td width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr><tr><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr></table></div> |
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| 77 | |
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| 78 | <p>Next, you will need to create and check in an initial version of the |
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| 79 | <code>build.xml</code> script to be used for development. For getting |
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| 80 | started quickly and easily, base your <code>build.xml</code> on the |
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| 81 | <a href="build.xml.txt">basic build.xml file</a>, included with this manual, |
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| 82 | or code it from scratch.</p> |
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| 83 | <div align="left"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="4"><tr><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr><tr><td width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#ffffff"><pre> |
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| 84 | cd {my home directory} |
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| 85 | cd myapp |
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| 86 | emacs build.xml <-- if you want a real editor :-) |
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| 87 | cvs add build.xml |
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| 88 | cvs commit |
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| 89 | </pre></td><td width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr><tr><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr></table></div> |
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| 90 | |
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| 91 | <p>Until you perform the CVS commit, your changes are local to your own |
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| 92 | development directory. Committing makes those changes visible to other |
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| 93 | developers on your team that are sharing the same CVS repository.</p> |
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| 94 | |
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| 95 | <p>The next step is to customize the Ant <em>properties</em> that are |
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| 96 | named in the <code>build.xml</code> script. This is done by creating a |
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| 97 | file named <code>build.properties</code> in your project's top-level |
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| 98 | directory. The supported properties are listed in the comments inside |
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| 99 | the sample <code>build.xml</code> script. At a minimum, you will generally |
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| 100 | need to define the <code>catalina.home</code> property defining where |
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| 101 | Tomcat 6 is installed, and the manager application username and password. |
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| 102 | You might end up with something like this:</p> |
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| 103 | <div align="left"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="4"><tr><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr><tr><td width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#ffffff"><pre> |
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| 104 | # Context path to install this application on |
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| 105 | app.path=/hello |
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| 106 | |
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| 107 | # Tomcat 6 installation directory |
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| 108 | catalina.home=/usr/local/apache-tomcat-6.0 |
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| 109 | |
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| 110 | # Manager webapp username and password |
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| 111 | manager.username=myusername |
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| 112 | manager.password=mypassword |
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| 113 | </pre></td><td width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr><tr><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr></table></div> |
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| 114 | |
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| 115 | <p>In general, you will <strong>not</strong> want to check the |
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| 116 | <code>build.properties</code> file in to the CVS repository, because it |
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| 117 | is unique to each developer's environment.</p> |
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| 118 | |
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| 119 | <p>Now, create the initial version of the web application deployment |
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| 120 | descriptor. You can base <code>web.xml</code> on the |
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| 121 | <a href="web.xml.txt">basic web.xml file</a>, or code it from scratch.</p> |
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| 122 | <div align="left"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="4"><tr><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr><tr><td width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#ffffff"><pre> |
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| 123 | cd {my home directory} |
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| 124 | cd myapp/web/WEB-INF |
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| 125 | emacs web.xml |
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| 126 | cvs add web.xml |
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| 127 | cvs commit |
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| 128 | </pre></td><td width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr><tr><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr></table></div> |
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| 129 | |
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| 130 | Note that this is only an example web.xml file. The full definition |
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| 131 | of the deployment descriptor file is in the |
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| 132 | <a href="http://java.sun.com/products/servlet">Servlet Specification.</a> |
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| 133 | |
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| 134 | </blockquote></td></tr></table> |
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| 135 | |
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| 136 | |
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| 137 | <table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font face="arial,helvetica.sanserif" color="#ffffff"><a name="Edit Source Code and Pages"><strong>Edit Source Code and Pages</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote> |
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| 138 | |
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| 139 | <p>The edit/build/test tasks will generally be your most common activities |
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| 140 | during development and maintenance. The following general principles apply. |
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| 141 | As described in <a href="source.html">Source Organization</a>, newly created |
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| 142 | source files should be located in the appropriate subdirectory, under your |
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| 143 | project source directory.</p> |
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| 144 | |
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| 145 | <p>Whenever you wish to refresh your development directory to reflect the |
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| 146 | work performed by other developers, you will ask CVS to do it for you:</p> |
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| 147 | <div align="left"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="4"><tr><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr><tr><td width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#ffffff"><pre> |
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| 148 | cd {my home directory} |
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| 149 | cd myapp |
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| 150 | cvs update -dP |
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| 151 | </pre></td><td width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr><tr><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr></table></div> |
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| 152 | |
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| 153 | <p>To create a new file, go to the appropriate directory, create the file, |
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| 154 | and register it with CVS. When you are satisfied with it's contents (after |
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| 155 | building and testing is successful), commit the new file to the repository. |
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| 156 | For example, to create a new JSP page:</p> |
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| 157 | <div align="left"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="4"><tr><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr><tr><td width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#ffffff"><pre> |
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| 158 | cd {my home directory} |
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| 159 | cd myapp/web <-- Ultimate destination is document root |
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| 160 | emacs mypage.jsp |
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| 161 | cvs add mypage.jsp |
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| 162 | ... build and test the application ... |
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| 163 | cvs commit |
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| 164 | </pre></td><td width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr><tr><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr></table></div> |
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| 165 | |
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| 166 | <p>Java source code that is defined in packages must be organized in a |
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| 167 | directory hierarchy (under the <strong>src/</strong> subdirectory) that |
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| 168 | matches the package names. For example, a Java class named |
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| 169 | <code>com.mycompany.mypackage.MyClass.java</code> should be stored in file |
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| 170 | <code>src/com/mycompany/mypackage/MyClass.java</code>. |
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| 171 | Whenever you create a new subdirectory, don't forget to |
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| 172 | register it with CVS.</p> |
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| 173 | |
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| 174 | <p>To edit an existing source file, you will generally just start editing |
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| 175 | and testing, then commit the changed file when everything works. Although |
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| 176 | CVS can be configured to required you to "check out" or "lock" a file you |
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| 177 | are going to be modifying, this is generally not used.</p> |
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| 178 | |
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| 179 | </blockquote></td></tr></table> |
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| 180 | |
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| 181 | |
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| 182 | <table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font face="arial,helvetica.sanserif" color="#ffffff"><a name="Build the Web Application"><strong>Build the Web Application</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote> |
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| 183 | |
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| 184 | <p>When you are ready to compile the application, issue the following |
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| 185 | commands (generally, you will want a shell window open that is set to |
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| 186 | the project source directory, so that only the last command is needed):</p> |
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| 187 | <div align="left"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="4"><tr><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr><tr><td width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#ffffff"><pre> |
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| 188 | cd {my home directory} |
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| 189 | cd myapp <-- Normally leave a window open here |
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| 190 | ant |
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| 191 | </pre></td><td width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr><tr><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr></table></div> |
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| 192 | |
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| 193 | <p>The Ant tool will be execute the default "compile" target in your |
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| 194 | <code>build.xml</code> file, which will compile any new or updated Java |
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| 195 | code. If this is the first time you compile after a "build clean", |
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| 196 | it will cause everything to be recompiled.</p> |
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| 197 | |
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| 198 | <p>To force the recompilation of your entire application, do this instead:</p> |
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| 199 | <div align="left"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="4"><tr><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr><tr><td width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#ffffff"><pre> |
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| 200 | cd {my home directory} |
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| 201 | cd myapp |
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| 202 | ant all |
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| 203 | </pre></td><td width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr><tr><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td><td height="1" width="1" bgcolor="#023264"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="../images/void.gif"></td></tr></table></div> |
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| 204 | |
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| 205 | <p>This is a very good habit immediately before checking in changes, to |
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| 206 | make sure that you have not introduced any subtle problems that Javac's |
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| 207 | conditional checking did not catch.</p> |
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| 208 | |
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| 209 | </blockquote></td></tr></table> |
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| 210 | |
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| 211 | |
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| 212 | <table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font face="arial,helvetica.sanserif" color="#ffffff"><a name="Test Your Web Application"><strong>Test Your Web Application</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote> |
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| 213 | |
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| 214 | <p>To test your application, you will want to install it under Tomcat. The |
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| 215 | quickest way to do that is to use the custom Ant tasks that are included in |
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| 216 | the sample <code>build.xml</code> script. Using these commands might follow |
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| 217 | a pattern like this:</p> |
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| 218 | <ul> |
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| 219 | <li><em>Start Tomcat 6 if needed</em>. If Tomcat 6 is not already running, |
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| 220 | you will need to start it in the usual way. |
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| 221 | <br><br></li> |
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| 222 | <li><em>Compile your application</em>. Use the <code>ant compile</code> |
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| 223 | command (or just <code>ant</code>, since this is the default). Make |
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| 224 | sure that there are no compilation errors. |
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| 225 | <br><br></li> |
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| 226 | <li><em>Install the application</em>. Use the <code>ant install</code> |
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| 227 | command. This tells Tomcat to immediately start running your app on |
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| 228 | the context path defined in the <code>app.path</code> build property. |
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| 229 | Tomcat does <strong>NOT</strong> have to be restarted for this to |
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| 230 | take effect.<br><br></li> |
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| 231 | <li><em>Test the application</em>. Using your browser or other testing |
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| 232 | tools, test the functionality of your application. |
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| 233 | <br><br></li> |
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| 234 | <li><em>Modify and rebuild as needed</em>. As you discover that changes |
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| 235 | are required, make those changes in the original <strong>source</strong> |
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| 236 | files, not in the output build directory, and re-issue the |
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| 237 | <code>ant compile</code> command. This ensures that your changes will |
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| 238 | be available to be saved (via <code>cvs commit</code>) later on -- |
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| 239 | the output build directory is deleted and recreated as necessary. |
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| 240 | <br><br></li> |
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| 241 | <li><em>Reload the application</em>. Tomcat will recognize changes in |
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| 242 | JSP pages automatically, but it will continue to use the old versions |
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| 243 | of any servlet or JavaBean classes until the application is reloaded. |
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| 244 | You can trigger this by executing the <code>ant reload</code> command. |
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| 245 | <br><br></li> |
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| 246 | <li><em>Remove the application when you re done</em>. When you are through |
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| 247 | working on this application, you can remove it from live execution by |
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| 248 | running the <code>ant remove</code> command.</li> |
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| 249 | </ul> |
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| 250 | |
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| 251 | <p>Do not forget to commit your changes to the source code repository when |
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| 252 | you have completed your testing!</p> |
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| 253 | |
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| 254 | </blockquote></td></tr></table> |
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| 255 | |
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| 256 | |
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| 257 | <table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"><font face="arial,helvetica.sanserif" color="#ffffff"><a name="Creating a Release"><strong>Creating a Release</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote> |
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| 258 | |
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| 259 | <p>When you are through adding new functionality, and you've tested everything |
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| 260 | (you DO test, don't you :-), it is time to create the distributable version |
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| 261 | of your web application that can be deployed on the production server. The |
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| 262 | following general steps are required:</p> |
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| 263 | <ul> |
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| 264 | <li>Issue the command <code>ant all</code> from the project source |
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| 265 | directory, to rebuild everything from scratch one last time. |
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| 266 | <br><br></li> |
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| 267 | <li>Use the <code>cvs tag</code> command to create an identifier for |
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| 268 | all of the source files utilized to create this release. This allows |
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| 269 | you to reliably reconstruct a release (from sources) at a later |
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| 270 | time.</li> |
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| 271 | <li>Issue the command <code>ant dist</code> to create a distributable |
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| 272 | web application archive (WAR) file, as well as a JAR file containing |
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| 273 | the corresponding source code. |
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| 274 | <br><br></li> |
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| 275 | <li>Package the contents of the <code>dist</code> directory using the |
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| 276 | <strong>tar</strong> or <strong>zip</strong> utility, according to |
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| 277 | the standard release procedures used by your organization.</li> |
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| 278 | </ul> |
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| 279 | |
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| 280 | </blockquote></td></tr></table> |
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| 281 | |
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| 282 | |
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| 283 | </blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr size="1" noshade></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font size="-1" color="#525D76"><em> |
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| 284 | Copyright © 1999-2008, Apache Software Foundation |
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| 285 | </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html> |
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