[57] | 1 | GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE |
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| 2 | Version 2.1, February 1999 |
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| 3 | |
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| 4 | Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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| 5 | 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA |
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| 6 | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies |
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| 7 | of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. |
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| 8 | |
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| 9 | [This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts |
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| 10 | as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence |
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| 11 | the version number 2.1.] |
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| 12 | |
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| 13 | Preamble |
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| 14 | |
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| 15 | The licenses for most software are designed to take away your |
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| 16 | freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public |
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| 17 | Licenses are intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change |
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| 18 | free software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. |
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| 19 | |
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| 20 | This license, the Lesser General Public License, applies to some |
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| 21 | specially designated software packages--typically libraries--of the |
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| 22 | Free Software Foundation and other authors who decide to use it. You |
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| 23 | can use it too, but we suggest you first think carefully about whether |
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| 24 | this license or the ordinary General Public License is the better |
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| 25 | strategy to use in any particular case, based on the explanations below. |
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| 26 | |
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| 27 | When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom of use, |
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| 28 | not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that |
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| 29 | you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge |
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| 30 | for this service if you wish); that you receive source code or can get |
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| 31 | it if you want it; that you can change the software and use pieces of |
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| 32 | it in new free programs; and that you are informed that you can do |
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| 33 | these things. |
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| 34 | |
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| 35 | To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid |
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| 36 | distributors to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender these |
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| 37 | rights. These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for |
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| 38 | you if you distribute copies of the library or if you modify it. |
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| 39 | |
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| 40 | For example, if you distribute copies of the library, whether gratis |
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| 41 | or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that we gave |
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| 42 | you. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source |
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| 43 | code. If you link other code with the library, you must provide |
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| 44 | complete object files to the recipients, so that they can relink them |
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| 45 | with the library after making changes to the library and recompiling |
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| 46 | it. And you must show them these terms so they know their rights. |
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| 47 | |
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| 48 | We protect your rights with a two-step method: (1) we copyright the |
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| 49 | library, and (2) we offer you this license, which gives you legal |
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| 50 | permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the library. |
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| 51 | |
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| 52 | To protect each distributor, we want to make it very clear that |
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| 53 | there is no warranty for the free library. Also, if the library is |
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| 54 | modified by someone else and passed on, the recipients should know |
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| 55 | that what they have is not the original version, so that the original |
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| 56 | author's reputation will not be affected by problems that might be |
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| 57 | introduced by others. |
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| 58 | |
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| 59 | Finally, software patents pose a constant threat to the existence of |
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| 60 | any free program. We wish to make sure that a company cannot |
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| 61 | effectively restrict the users of a free program by obtaining a |
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| 62 | restrictive license from a patent holder. Therefore, we insist that |
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| 63 | any patent license obtained for a version of the library must be |
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| 64 | consistent with the full freedom of use specified in this license. |
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| 65 | |
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| 66 | Most GNU software, including some libraries, is covered by the |
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| 67 | ordinary GNU General Public License. This license, the GNU Lesser |
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| 68 | General Public License, applies to certain designated libraries, and |
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| 69 | is quite different from the ordinary General Public License. We use |
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| 70 | this license for certain libraries in order to permit linking those |
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| 71 | libraries into non-free programs. |
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| 72 | |
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| 73 | When a program is linked with a library, whether statically or using |
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| 74 | a shared library, the combination of the two is legally speaking a |
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| 75 | combined work, a derivative of the original library. The ordinary |
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| 76 | General Public License therefore permits such linking only if the |
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| 77 | entire combination fits its criteria of freedom. The Lesser General |
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| 78 | Public License permits more lax criteria for linking other code with |
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| 79 | the library. |
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| 80 | |
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| 81 | We call this license the "Lesser" General Public License because it |
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| 82 | does Less to protect the user's freedom than the ordinary General |
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| 83 | Public License. It also provides other free software developers Less |
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| 84 | of an advantage over competing non-free programs. These disadvantages |
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| 85 | are the reason we use the ordinary General Public License for many |
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| 86 | libraries. However, the Lesser license provides advantages in certain |
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| 87 | special circumstances. |
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| 88 | |
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| 89 | For example, on rare occasions, there may be a special need to |
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| 90 | encourage the widest possible use of a certain library, so that it becomes |
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| 91 | a de-facto standard. To achieve this, non-free programs must be |
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| 92 | allowed to use the library. A more frequent case is that a free |
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| 93 | library does the same job as widely used non-free libraries. In this |
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| 94 | case, there is little to gain by limiting the free library to free |
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| 95 | software only, so we use the Lesser General Public License. |
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| 96 | |
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| 97 | In other cases, permission to use a particular library in non-free |
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| 98 | programs enables a greater number of people to use a large body of |
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| 99 | free software. For example, permission to use the GNU C Library in |
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| 100 | non-free programs enables many more people to use the whole GNU |
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| 101 | operating system, as well as its variant, the GNU/Linux operating |
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| 102 | system. |
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| 103 | |
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| 104 | Although the Lesser General Public License is Less protective of the |
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| 105 | users' freedom, it does ensure that the user of a program that is |
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| 106 | linked with the Library has the freedom and the wherewithal to run |
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| 107 | that program using a modified version of the Library. |
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| 108 | |
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| 109 | The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and |
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| 110 | modification follow. Pay close attention to the difference between a |
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| 111 | "work based on the library" and a "work that uses the library". The |
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| 112 | former contains code derived from the library, whereas the latter must |
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| 113 | be combined with the library in order to run. |
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| 114 | |
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| 115 | GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE |
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| 116 | TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION |
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| 117 | |
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| 118 | 0. This License Agreement applies to any software library or other |
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| 119 | program which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder or |
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| 120 | other authorized party saying it may be distributed under the terms of |
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| 121 | this Lesser General Public License (also called "this License"). |
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| 122 | Each licensee is addressed as "you". |
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| 123 | |
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| 124 | A "library" means a collection of software functions and/or data |
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| 128 | The "Library", below, refers to any such software library or work |
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| 130 | Library" means either the Library or any derivative work under |
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| 133 | straightforwardly into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is |
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| 134 | included without limitation in the term "modification".) |
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| 135 | |
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| 136 | "Source code" for a work means the preferred form of the work for |
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| 140 | and installation of the library. |
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| 141 | |
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| 142 | Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not |
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| 149 | |
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| 150 | 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Library's |
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| 152 | you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an |
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| 153 | appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact |
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| 155 | warranty; and distribute a copy of this License along with the |
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| 156 | Library. |
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| 158 | You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, |
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| 160 | fee. |
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| 162 | 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Library or any portion |
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| 163 | of it, thus forming a work based on the Library, and copy and |
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| 167 | a) The modified work must itself be a software library. |
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| 168 | |
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| 169 | b) You must cause the files modified to carry prominent notices |
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| 170 | stating that you changed the files and the date of any change. |
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| 171 | |
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| 172 | c) You must cause the whole of the work to be licensed at no |
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| 174 | |
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| 175 | d) If a facility in the modified Library refers to a function or a |
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| 176 | table of data to be supplied by an application program that uses |
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| 179 | in the event an application does not supply such function or |
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| 181 | its purpose remains meaningful. |
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| 183 | (For example, a function in a library to compute square roots has |
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| 187 | be optional: if the application does not supply it, the square |
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| 188 | root function must still compute square roots.) |
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| 190 | These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If |
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| 195 | distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based |
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| 196 | on the Library, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of |
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| 197 | this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the |
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| 199 | it. |
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| 200 | |
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| 201 | Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest |
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| 202 | your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to |
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| 206 | In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Library |
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| 209 | the scope of this License. |
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| 210 | |
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| 211 | 3. You may opt to apply the terms of the ordinary GNU General Public |
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| 212 | License instead of this License to a given copy of the Library. To do |
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| 213 | this, you must alter all the notices that refer to this License, so |
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| 214 | that they refer to the ordinary GNU General Public License, version 2, |
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| 215 | instead of to this License. (If a newer version than version 2 of the |
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| 216 | ordinary GNU General Public License has appeared, then you can specify |
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| 218 | these notices. |
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| 220 | Once this change is made in a given copy, it is irreversible for |
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| 227 | 4. You may copy and distribute the Library (or a portion or |
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| 228 | derivative of it, under Section 2) in object code or executable form |
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| 231 | must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a |
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| 234 | If distribution of object code is made by offering access to copy |
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| 246 | However, linking a "work that uses the Library" with the Library |
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| 250 | Section 6 states terms for distribution of such executables. |
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| 251 | |
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| 252 | When a "work that uses the Library" uses material from a header file |
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| 257 | threshold for this to be true is not precisely defined by law. |
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| 259 | If such an object file uses only numerical parameters, data |
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| 260 | structure layouts and accessors, and small macros and small inline |
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| 261 | functions (ten lines or less in length), then the use of the object |
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| 262 | file is unrestricted, regardless of whether it is legally a derivative |
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| 263 | work. (Executables containing this object code plus portions of the |
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| 264 | Library will still fall under Section 6.) |
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| 265 | |
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| 266 | Otherwise, if the work is a derivative of the Library, you may |
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| 267 | distribute the object code for the work under the terms of Section 6. |
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| 269 | whether or not they are linked directly with the Library itself. |
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| 270 | |
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| 271 | 6. As an exception to the Sections above, you may also combine or |
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| 274 | under terms of your choice, provided that the terms permit |
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| 276 | engineering for debugging such modifications. |
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| 277 | |
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| 278 | You must give prominent notice with each copy of the work that the |
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| 279 | Library is used in it and that the Library and its use are covered by |
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| 280 | this License. You must supply a copy of this License. If the work |
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| 281 | during execution displays copyright notices, you must include the |
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| 282 | copyright notice for the Library among them, as well as a reference |
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| 284 | of these things: |
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| 286 | a) Accompany the work with the complete corresponding |
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| 287 | machine-readable source code for the Library including whatever |
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| 289 | Sections 1 and 2 above); and, if the work is an executable linked |
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| 290 | with the Library, with the complete machine-readable "work that |
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| 291 | uses the Library", as object code and/or source code, so that the |
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| 292 | user can modify the Library and then relink to produce a modified |
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| 296 | to use the modified definitions.) |
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| 297 | |
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| 298 | b) Use a suitable shared library mechanism for linking with the |
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| 299 | Library. A suitable mechanism is one that (1) uses at run time a |
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| 302 | will operate properly with a modified version of the library, if |
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| 304 | interface-compatible with the version that the work was made with. |
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| 305 | |
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| 306 | c) Accompany the work with a written offer, valid for at |
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| 307 | least three years, to give the same user the materials |
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| 308 | specified in Subsection 6a, above, for a charge no more |
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| 309 | than the cost of performing this distribution. |
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| 310 | |
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| 311 | d) If distribution of the work is made by offering access to copy |
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| 313 | specified materials from the same place. |
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| 315 | e) Verify that the user has already received a copy of these |
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| 316 | materials or that you have already sent this user a copy. |
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| 317 | |
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| 318 | For an executable, the required form of the "work that uses the |
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| 319 | Library" must include any data and utility programs needed for |
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| 325 | the executable. |
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| 327 | It may happen that this requirement contradicts the license |
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| 331 | distribute. |
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| 332 | |
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| 333 | 7. You may place library facilities that are a work based on the |
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| 334 | Library side-by-side in a single library together with other library |
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| 335 | facilities not covered by this License, and distribute such a combined |
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| 336 | library, provided that the separate distribution of the work based on |
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| 337 | the Library and of the other library facilities is otherwise |
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| 338 | permitted, and provided that you do these two things: |
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| 339 | |
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| 340 | a) Accompany the combined library with a copy of the same work |
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| 341 | based on the Library, uncombined with any other library |
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| 342 | facilities. This must be distributed under the terms of the |
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| 343 | Sections above. |
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| 345 | b) Give prominent notice with the combined library of the fact |
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| 346 | that part of it is a work based on the Library, and explaining |
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| 348 | |
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| 349 | 8. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, link with, or distribute |
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| 350 | the Library except as expressly provided under this License. Any |
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| 351 | attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, link with, or |
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| 352 | distribute the Library is void, and will automatically terminate your |
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| 354 | or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses |
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| 355 | terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance. |
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| 356 | |
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| 357 | 9. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not |
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| 358 | signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or |
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| 359 | distribute the Library or its derivative works. These actions are |
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| 360 | prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by |
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| 361 | modifying or distributing the Library (or any work based on the |
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| 363 | all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying |
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| 364 | the Library or works based on it. |
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| 365 | |
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| 366 | 10. Each time you redistribute the Library (or any work based on the |
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| 369 | subject to these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further |
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| 370 | restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. |
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| 371 | You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties with |
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| 372 | this License. |
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| 373 | |
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| 374 | 11. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent |
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| 375 | infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), |
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| 376 | conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or |
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| 377 | otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not |
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| 378 | excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot |
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| 379 | distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this |
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| 380 | License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you |
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| 381 | may not distribute the Library at all. For example, if a patent |
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| 382 | license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Library by |
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| 383 | all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then |
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| 384 | the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to |
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| 385 | refrain entirely from distribution of the Library. |
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| 386 | |
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| 387 | If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any |
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| 388 | particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to apply, |
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| 389 | and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances. |
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| 390 | |
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| 391 | It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any |
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| 392 | patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any |
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| 393 | such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the |
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| 394 | integrity of the free software distribution system which is |
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| 395 | implemented by public license practices. Many people have made |
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| 396 | generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed |
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| 397 | through that system in reliance on consistent application of that |
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| 398 | system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing |
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| 399 | to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot |
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| 400 | impose that choice. |
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| 401 | |
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| 402 | This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to |
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| 403 | be a consequence of the rest of this License. |
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| 404 | |
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| 405 | 12. If the distribution and/or use of the Library is restricted in |
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| 406 | certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the |
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| 407 | original copyright holder who places the Library under this License may add |
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| 408 | an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries, |
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| 409 | so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus |
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| 410 | excluded. In such case, this License incorporates the limitation as if |
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| 411 | written in the body of this License. |
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| 412 | |
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| 413 | 13. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new |
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| 414 | versions of the Lesser General Public License from time to time. |
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| 415 | Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, |
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| 416 | but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. |
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| 417 | |
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| 418 | Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Library |
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| 419 | specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and |
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| 420 | "any later version", you have the option of following the terms and |
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| 421 | conditions either of that version or of any later version published by |
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| 422 | the Free Software Foundation. If the Library does not specify a |
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| 423 | license version number, you may choose any version ever published by |
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| 424 | the Free Software Foundation. |
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| 425 | |
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| 426 | 14. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Library into other free |
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| 427 | programs whose distribution conditions are incompatible with these, |
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| 428 | write to the author to ask for permission. For software which is |
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| 429 | copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free |
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| 430 | Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our |
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| 431 | decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status |
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| 432 | of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing |
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| 433 | and reuse of software generally. |
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| 434 | |
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| 435 | NO WARRANTY |
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| 436 | |
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| 437 | 15. BECAUSE THE LIBRARY IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO |
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| 438 | WARRANTY FOR THE LIBRARY, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. |
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| 439 | EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR |
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| 440 | OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE LIBRARY "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY |
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| 441 | KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE |
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| 442 | IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR |
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| 443 | PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE |
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| 444 | LIBRARY IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE LIBRARY PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME |
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| 445 | THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. |
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| 446 | |
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| 447 | 16. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN |
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| 448 | WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY |
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| 449 | AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE LIBRARY AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU |
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| 450 | FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR |
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| 451 | CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE |
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| 452 | LIBRARY (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING |
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| 453 | RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A |
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| 454 | FAILURE OF THE LIBRARY TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER SOFTWARE), EVEN IF |
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| 455 | SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH |
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| 456 | DAMAGES. |
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| 457 | |
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| 458 | END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS |
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| 459 | |
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| 460 | How to Apply These Terms to Your New Libraries |
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| 461 | |
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| 462 | If you develop a new library, and you want it to be of the greatest |
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| 463 | possible use to the public, we recommend making it free software that |
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| 464 | everyone can redistribute and change. You can do so by permitting |
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| 465 | redistribution under these terms (or, alternatively, under the terms of the |
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| 466 | ordinary General Public License). |
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| 467 | |
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| 468 | To apply these terms, attach the following notices to the library. It is |
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| 469 | safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively |
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| 470 | convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the |
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| 471 | "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. |
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| 472 | |
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| 473 | <one line to give the library's name and a brief idea of what it does.> |
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| 474 | Copyright (C) <year> <name of author> |
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| 475 | |
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| 476 | This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or |
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| 477 | modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public |
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| 478 | License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either |
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| 479 | version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. |
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| 480 | |
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| 481 | This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, |
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| 482 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of |
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| 483 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU |
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| 484 | Lesser General Public License for more details. |
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| 485 | |
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| 486 | You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public |
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| 487 | License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software |
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| 488 | Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA |
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| 489 | |
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| 490 | Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. |
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| 491 | |
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| 492 | You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your |
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| 493 | school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the library, if |
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| 494 | necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: |
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| 495 | |
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| 496 | Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the |
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| 497 | library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker. |
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| 498 | |
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| 499 | <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990 |
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| 500 | Ty Coon, President of Vice |
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| 501 | |
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| 502 | That's all there is to it! |
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| 503 | |
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| 504 | |
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